Posts

Showing posts with the label Genetics

How the traits inherited from parents to children?

Image
      Parents pass their traits such as eye color and blood type to their children through their genes. If a baby born in a family, this baby have some traits there are certain traits belonging to both the parents that he will adopt. This baby might have the father’s nose or the mother’s mouth. The gene affects the inheritance. The genes of both parents influence what traits and characteristics the baby will have and these are called inheritance traits. Boys have one X and one Y chromosomes while girls have two X cromosomes.Children receive genes from both their mother and father.   List of traits children adopt from mother:   1.   Left –Handedness 2.   Sleeping style 3.   Blood sugar 4.   Lyme disease 5.   Drugs addiction 6.   AIDS/HIV 7.   Mutations   List of traits children adopt from father:   1.   Eye color 2.   Height 3.   Dimples 4.   Fingerprint...

What are the gatekeepers of the protein factory?

Image
NAC the Nascent polypeptide Associated complex is a cytosolic protein complex serves as a gatekeeper in protein synthesis  which regulates the transport of protein within the cells. NAC is composed of NAC alpha and NAC beta .NAC binds reversibly to the ribosomes where it is in contact with nascent chains as they emerge from the ribosomes.   In Nascent polypeptide Associated complex is functionally versatile protein complex that is involved in protein biogenesis ,assembly and transportation and that plays a key role in maintaining protein homeostasis .In all eukaryotes NAC is composed of a heterodimer consisting of an alpha and beta subunits . The study shows the molecular function of NAC as gatekeeper, granting SRP only access for those nascent proteins whose destination is the endoplasmic reticulum.   Role of the Nascent polypeptide Associated complex:   NAC plays a key role in the attachment of cytosolic ribosomes to mitochondria and promotes translational distri...

What are the reasons of hormonal imbalance?

Image
    Hormones are the chemical messengers of body which travel through the bloodstream instructing tissues and organs. Hormones take part in different metabolism and therefore affect many different processes in the body. Hormones affect sexual function, reproduction, metabolism .Hormones are very powerful and can have serious effect on body. Causes of Hormonal imbalance: Thyroid issue: An overactive or underactive thyroid causes imbalances in the levels of thyroid hormones in your body.     Stress: Stress is dangerous for your body because stress causes your body to produce cortisol .Long term stress make your body to produce too much level of cortisol and this effects the hormonal level.   Birth control pills : Some types of birth control pills have some hormones in them which affect the hormones in your body and they can effect your periods and cause heavy bleeding, weight gain and digestive problems. Eating disorder: Eating di...

Blood stem cell development

Image
Blood stem cells were the first stem cells to be recognized. Their discovery manifest the formation of stem cell research.Today, researchers stay to learn from blood stem cells and are working to recognize new ways to use them in the clinic.   How the blood system is formed is an continuing fundamental research challenge. Developmental biology has provided many insights into molecules and processes that affect the formation of the blood tissues, both in health and disease. It is particular interest for clinical replacement therapies to understand how hematopoietic stem cells of the adult blood system that produe over 10 different functionally specialized cell lineages and over 10 cells daily are produced during embryonic  stages.   The red bone marrow is imitative from the layer of the embryo called the mesoderm.Haematopoiesis is the process by which all mature blood cells are produced .Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to different types of blood cells, in...

What are the side effects of long term use of insulin?

Image
  Insulin: Insulin is a natural hormone produced by your pancreas that controls how your body uses and stores blood sugar .It’s like a key that allows glucose to enter cells throughout your body. Insulin is a vital part of metabolism. Without it, your body would cease to function. When you eat, your pancreases releases insulin to help your body make energy out of glucose, a type of sugar found in carboxylates .It also helps you store energy. The use of insulin is associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, kidney problem and all other mortality in comparison with other glucose-lowering therapies. The regular use of insulin: 1.    Sweating 2.    Dizziness 3.    Shakiness 4.    Hunger 5.    Fast heart rate 6.    Blurred vision 7.    Trouble confusion

RECENT ADVANCES IN BIOTECNOLOGY AND SCOPE OF BIOTECNOLOGY IN PAKISTAN

Image
    What first thing comes into your mind when you hear the word biotechnology? It should be  the   study of biology with the help of technology  or simply you can say  the technology in biology , that’s true. But when we use this in definition this says that  the use of living organisms or living systems for the manufacturing the products and the services for the welfare of mankind.  Basic biotechnology include the cultivation of crops , selective breeding of animals and use of living organisms for manufacturing the products like yogurt, cheese ,bread and wine. But as we move into modern era, biotechnology make more emphasis on producing the hybrid genes and transferring of hybrid genes into the organism in which this type of gene is not present before.     In the last few decades many people had used the domesticated plants for their food and also using the domesticated animals for their uses of milk and meat. Yogurt and cheese were al...

How to do a DNA test on legally basis?

Image
  DNA test is used to show the relationship of parents with children .And American pregnancy association says that it is very important to have a DNA test for a proof .And it helps to detect the medical history of the child .DNA test detection was a major finding in the medical science because it helps to solve many complex mysteries related paternity. In this era, many criminal mysteries are solved with help of DNA testing.DNA testing should should have to be a legal process because if this is done illegally this will be a cause of punishment. DNA test should have to be legal. DNA test should have to be done with legal reason.Canidian forensic laboratory publish a report in which it is clearly stated that DNA test should have to a legally process .    There are some place where the DNA testing is necessary and we have to take the DNA testing at these place and these places are given below; 1. for court reason 2. For text reason 3. To receive a inherence 4. For getting an...